Door-lock.



, A. J. ROSS.

DOOR LOOK. x APPLICATION FILED JAN.13, 1914.y

Patented Oct. 20, 1914. zsHBBTs-SHBBM.

` paname drawings, i11 w .'Chf

Figure 1 is a Vertical s eotlon of my 1m- ANDREW J, noss, or QAKLAND, CALIFORNIA.

noon-Loox.

Specicaton of Letters Paten-t.

Application filed January 13, 1914. Seri-a1 N o. 811.868.

Patented oct. 2o, 1914.

To all/whom 'it may comme. l

Be it known that I ,ANDREW J. Ross, a citizen of theUnited States, and a resident of Oakland, county .of Alameda, State .0f California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Door-Locks, of'

which the ollowin is a full and clear speciicatpn, reference ein had to the accomproved lock, the adjacent parts .of the door and the door jamb being shown; Fig. 2 1s a horizontal sectional view on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1 Fig. 3v is a vertical sectional view on the line 5;3 .of Fi 2; Fig. 4 is a View of the front end of e lock; Fig. 5 is a transverse section .on the line 5 5 ot Fig. 1 Fig. 6 is a transverse section on the llne 6-..6 of Fig. 3.5 Figs. 7 and 8 are detail views of the preferred form .of key; Figs. 9 and 1 0 are detail .views of the reversible latch bolt; Figs. l1 and 1 2 are sectional views showing my lock adapted for `use with a master key 5 Fig. 13 is a view similar to Fig. 6 of Ia modification .of the key .o erated devices; Fig. 14 is an enlarged detai section .of a p art of the key operated devices; and Fig. 15 1s a transverse section on the line 15-15 of Fig. l.

This invention has relation to door locks and its object is not only to greatly simplify .the construction, but also to so construt .the key .operated devices that it will be practically impossible for lthe lock to be `picked either by the insertionof an im lement other than the proper key or by lrst. .obtaining upon a blank key an impression of the key-operated devices, as more fully hereinafter set forth.

A further obj ect is to so improve the night latch device that it will be impossible :to

unlock the same when .the door-is closed, as

more fully hereinafter Set forth.

The casing a of the lock is cylindrical;

and .divided longitudinally into two semicylindrical sections, these sections being removably locked together at. the inner end by means of the screw band at their or ward ends by rmeans of an annular flange.

formed on the face plate c. Within the casing is ada ted to reciprocate the .usual latch bolt Z which is connected by a suitable pinand-slot connection to the usual bolt-actuating bar e, a spiral s ring f being -arranged between a -lug ,on the are and the inner end of "chepbolt` d to normally press said bolt a outwardly. The bar e is normally pressedv outwardly by means of a coil spring g and 1s actuated in any suitable manner from the knpb spindle h. The connection between the spindle l1, and the bar e is preferably by means of a collar z' aiixed to the spindle and provided with nlug j adapted to engage lateral lugs on the bar e, so-that the turning of the spindle in either direction will draw back thebar e against the action of spring g. The latch bolt d is adapted to be reversed the usual manner, it being detachably connected to the bar e for this purpose and the casing a 'being divided., as described, for convenience not .only in reversing the bolt d but also for convenience in getting access to the other parts .inclosed within the cylindrical cashe bolt d is adapted to be independently withdrawn from the inside of the door by means of a rotary plug I: mounted in a sleeve Z andprovided .with an Ainwardly projecting lug m and adapted to engage a shoulder on ,the bolt. The plug Ic is adapted to be turned by means .of a thumb-piece n journaled in the face plate o and having a squared shank p which is removably insert- .f

.ed 1n an axial squared hole in said The night latch device consists o a rock shaft g at oneend `in the face plate .c `and at its other end in a lug r projecting inwardly from one side ,of ,the casing a, this rock shaft q lying within ,the casing a and parallel to the inner face of its wall. A'xed .to .the .outer end of the rock shaft is a finger s which ,depends therefrom and works in an arcuate recess t formed in .the face .of the bolt plate c, this finger being provided on its inner face with a pin u which is adapted to enter either .one of two recesses 'v ar-` ranged at opposite sides of the recess t. A. coil spring ,w on the rock shaft g ltends to yforce said rock .shaft inwardly and thus hold the linger s against the bottom .of .the recess t, with its pin .u in `one of the recesses o. At the inner end .of the .shaft g it. is provided with .a 'stop yto limit its outward movement, and at a suitable point in its length said shaft g is provided with a radial lug y which when the shaft i's turned is adapted to engage' behind a shoulder a formed .on the bar e, and thus lock the bar e against `'operation through the medium of the knob spindle It. t

It will .be 4observed .that before the rock shaft q ,can .be .turned ineither direction, the finger s, together with the rock shaft, must Lug lc.

llO

be pulled outwardly far enough to release pin 'a from recess e, so that two'movements are necessary before the night latch can be shifted to its inoperative position, namely, the position shown in full lines in Figs. 1,

4 and 5. It will thus be seen that it will be impossible to unlock the night latch device while the door is closed, since the close proximity of the face of the door 'amb or the bolt plate thereon will prevent t e shaft g being moved far enough longitudinally to release pin u from its recess o. It will be seen, therefore, that when the night latch is adjusted to locking position and the door is closed, it will be impossible to open the door except through the inside thumb-piece ln, or the outside key-operated devices hereinafter described.

Extending through a hole formed in the casing a at a point directly opposite the shaft or plug k is a shaft or cylinder a whose innerextremity is provided with a cam lug b adapted to engage a. shoulder on the adjacent face of the bolt d and thus withdraw said bolt when said cylinder a is rotated in1 either direction. This cylinder d is limited in the distance of its rotation by means of a. pin c mounted in a stationary cylinder ci and extending into an arcuate groove e on the exterior of the said cylin` der a.

The stationary cylinder d is clamped rigidly against the exterior of the casing a by means of a pairof bolts f which connect said cylinder with a pair of lateral lugs carried by the sleeve or cylinder Z at the opposite side of the casing a. The key cylinder a is journaled Within the cylinder d, so that by removing the bolts f all the parts carried by the cylinder d as well as the parts connected to the thumbiece on the inside of the door may be readily detached from the casing a. l

The cylinder d is horizontally divided into Vtwo sections which are detachably connected together by screws g', and the'outer end of this cylinder d is inclosed Within a key-hole cap or plate 71.', Whichfcap or plate is held in position by means of the facing plate z" fastened to the exterior of the door.

' The exterior of the key cylinder a is provided With a series of alternating annular grooves and beads of any suitable shape or curvature in cross section, and the interior of the cylinder d is provided With a series of alternating grooves and beads which exactly fit the grooves and beads of the exterior of the key cylinder. Extendin endwisely into the key cylinder (in the em odiment of my invention shown in all the views except Fig. 13) is a series of three radial slots j which are connected together at the axial center of the key cylinder and are open along the edge thereof, these slots connecting lthrough the beadsand grooves on the exterior of the key cylinder and extending endwisely into thev cylinder to a point beyond the grooves and beads. The key for this type of lock is shown in Figs. 7 `and 8, and it consists of a. vseries of Wings arranged radially with respect to each other so as to be capable of in` sertion in the three-Way key slot j. outer edge of each of the wings on the'key is serrated to exactly correspond with the beads and grooves formed in the cylinders a and d', so that when the key is inserted its serrations will, When the key is turned, lit the beads and grooves in the interior of the cylinder d andr permit the key cylinder to be rotated independently thereof to Withdraw the bolt d. To lock the key cylinder against turning until the key is inserted, I provide a series of spring-actuated pawls 7c radially arranged in radial pockets in cylinder d and normally pressed inwardly so that their inner` ends. willv engage the several sections of the key slots j and lie inthe path of the serrated edges of the key wings. When the key is inserted, the serrated edges' of the wings force f these pawlsy outwardly far enough to unlock the key cylinder and permit the same to be rotated, provided the key be provided with a series of projections which exactly fit the beads and grooves in the cylinders. For anti-friction purposes, I prefer journaling in the inner end of each .pavvl a small steelroller or Wheel m', It

will be observed that the shape and arrangement of the beads and grooves in the cylinders may be very greatly varied to thus permit an ample number of permutations. It will also be seen that the three-Wing key, each edge of which must exactly correspond with the beads and grooves in the cylinder before the'key cylinder can be turned, re` duces the liability of the lock being picked to a minimum. To prevent a coated or blackened blank key being inserted and Wiggled with a view of obtaining an impression of the arrangement of beads and grooves preparatory to making a false key, I have beveled olf the corners of the beads and grooves of the cylinder d at n as shown vin Flg. 14. With this construction it will be difiicult to obtain an exact impression of the cross sectional shape of the beads and grooves.

In Fig. 13 I have shown my invention adapted to a simple form of key, consisting. of a single at piece of metal, and in Figs. l1 and 12 I have shown my device adapted for use with a master key. To adapt it to this latter use, it is simply necessary to introduce another cylinder 0 between the key cylinder a and the stationary cylinder d,

the interior of this cylinder 0 being beaded and grooved to correspond to the exterior of the key cylinder and its outer surface being beaded and grooved to correspond with the beads and grooves formed in the cylinder; d.

The I LJMQSQ In this construction. the pawls k will, of course, extend through slots.` in. the cylinder 0 far enough. to engage the key cylinder af and they will also have .sucient radial' play to be pushed back by the master key far enough.y to' release thecylnder o. It will be understood that man other modifications of my invention may H made without de -parting from the spirit of my invention.

It will be observed that the Guten surface of the collar t is rounded olii, that is, convexed, to a curvature approximating that of the interior of thefcylindrical. casing aand.

e without lnterfering with the proper rotation 0f the collar within the cylinder. It will be observed also that the opposite sides or edges of the bolt late e, at the rear or inner portion thereo are also rounded -to fit, or approximately fit, the interior of the cylinder, so that the cylinder itself forms a guide to insure the proper reciprocation of the bolt plate e, and to hold this plate e in proper relation with the operating collar i. With this construction it will be seen that the parts will be held 1n proper relation to each other without any fastening devices, and with this construction it will be observed that it is essential that the cam lug 7' shall not onl stand eccentric to the axis of the spindle, ut shall not extend laterally beyond the circumferential edge of the colother hole, a cylinder inclosing each of said devices and a pair of bolts clam ing said cylinders against the opposite si es of the cylindrical lock casing. I

2.` In combination, a lock casing and faceplate, a latch bolt and a bolt plate and spin- 'dle devices for operating the bolt plate, said boltplate being movably connected to the latch bolt, means for operating the latch bolt independently of the bolt plate, and a night latch means consisting of an endwisely mov.- able rock shaft carrying a device for locking the bolt plate and extending to the face of the face-plate and provided with means for-rotating as well as endwisely shifting the rock shaft, for the purpose set forth.

3. In combination, a lock casing and faceplate, a latch bolt and a bolt plate and spindle devices for operating the bolt plate, said bolt plate being movably connected to the latch bolt, means for operating the latchbolt independently of the bolt plate, and a night latch means comprisin a 'finger-piece recessed into the face cfg the face-plate and having a lateral mot-ion. therein as well as a bodily movement into and out of the recess, andy means connected to the finger-piece for` locking thebolt plateV against movement whenthevk linger-piece is shifted laterally, and means for locking the finger-piece in either of its lateral positions insaid recess.

4f.. I'm combination, a lock casing and facen plate, alatch bolt and a bolt plate and spindle devices for: operating, the bolt plate, said ,bolt plate being movably connected to the latch bolt, means for o yerating the latch bolt independently of. t e bolt plate, and a night latch means comprising a laterally swinging finger-piece mounted in a recess in the face-plate, means for` locking the nger-piece in its shifted positions, a rock shaft connected to the fingerpiece and provided with means adapted to engage the bolt plate, .and spring means for normally holding the finger-piece in either of its. locked positions, said fingerpiece and rock shaft being capable of bodily movement to unlock the finger-piece preliminarily to shifting it.

5( In combination with a' lock casing, a latch bolt and key-operable deyices for shifting said latch bolt consisting of a stationary cylinder provided internally with annular beads and grooves,.a key cylinder mounted to rotate therein and provided externally with a corresponding series of beads and grooves, said ey cylinder being endwisely slotted for the insertion of a key, and locking means mounted in the stationary cylinder and entering. the key-slot inthe pathway of the ke 6. In combination with a lock casing, a latch bolt and key-operable devices for shifting said latch bolt consisting of a stationary cylinder rovided internally with annular beads an grooves, a key cylinder mounted to rotate therein-and provided externally with a corresponding series of beads and ooves, said key cylinder being endwisely s otted for th insertion of a key, and aspring-actuated pawl or pawls mounted` in the stationary cylinder and entering the key-slot to lock the key cylinder to the stationary cylinder, said pawl or pawls lying in the pathway of the key.

7. In combination with a lock casing, a latch bolt and key-operable devices .for shifting said latch bolt consisting of a stationary cylinder rovided internally with annular beads and) grooves, a key cylinder mounted to rotate therein and provided externally with a corresponding series 'of beads and grooves, said key cylinder being provlded with a series of radial slots for the insertion of a key, a locking means mounted 1n the stationary cylinder and entering the.

los t key-slot in the pathway of the key, and a key having a plurality of wings, the edges of which Vare serrated to correspond with the beads and grooves of said cylinders.

8. In a lock, a casing, a latch bolt and ke operated devices for shifting the lock bo t, said devices consisting of 'a rotatable keyoperated cylinder externally beaded and' grooved,'a stationary cylinder inclosing said key cylinder, :and an intermediate master key-cylinder, this master-key-'oylinder 'being internally beaded and grooved to correspond with the key cylinder and externally beaded and grooved to' correspond with the station'ar cylinder.

In testlmony whereof I hereunto aiix my signature in the presence of two Witnesses.

ANDREW JL. ROSS.

Witnesses:

CHARLES D. DAVIS, LILLIE E. HEBCUS., 

